Effect of Plax prebrushing rinse on enamel fluoride deposition.

This in vitro study evaluated the effect of Plax prebrushing rinse on fluoride uptake by enamel from sodium fluoride (NaF) and sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) solutions in the presence and in the absence of saliva. Human enamel powder (particle size between 0.074 and 0.149 mm), pretreated or not with Plax, was exposed to aqueous solution of 250 ppm F as either NaF or MFP. The exposure time was 1 minute followed by washing in deionized water and methanol. The amounts of alkali-soluble fluoride (CaF2) and firmly bound fluoride (FBF) on enamel were determined with a specific electrode and statistically analyzed with ANOVA. Plax reduced the formation of both CaF2 and FBF on enamel whether the F was supplied as NaF or MFP. The percentage inhibition of uptake from NaF was increased and that from MFP was decreased by the presence of saliva. The commercial prebrushing rinse formulation tested inhibits in vitro the reactivity of the fluoride with enamel.

Gastric surgery and bezoars.

We present a series of 56 patients with gastrointestinal bezoar following previous gastric surgery for gastroduodenal peptic ulcer. The following parameters were studied: factors predisposing to bezoar formation (type of previous surgery, alimentation, and mastication), form of clinical presentation, diagnostic tests, and treatment. A bilateral truncal vagotomy plus pyloroplasty had been performed previously on 84% of patients, 44% revealed excessive intake of vegetable fiber, and 30% presented with bad dentition. The most frequent clinical presentation was intestinal obstruction (80%). This was diagnosed mainly by clinical data and simple abdominal radiology. The main exploratory technique for diagnosing cases of gastric bezoar was endoscopy. Surgery is necessary for treating the intestinal forms, and one should always attempt to fragment the bezoar and milk it to the cecum, reserving enterotomy and extraction for cases where this is not possible. The small intestine and stomach should always be explored for retained bezoars. Gastric bezoars should always receive conservative treatment, endoscopic extraction, and/or enzymatic dissolution; gastrotomy and extraction should be performed when this fails.

[Blood transfusion worsens the prognosis in colorectal cancer. Preliminary study in a series of 717 cases]. / La transfusión sanguínea ensombrece el pronóstico del cáncer colorrectal. Estudio preliminar en una serie de 717 casos.

We have conducted an investigation on the relationship between blood transfusion and recurrence of resected colorectal cancer and survival of the patients. During the past ten years 717 patients have been surgically treated of colorectal cancer in our hospital; 442 of the cases were Duke's stages B or C, and the resection had been considered radical. In both groups, recurrences were most frequent in patients who received blood transfusions; survival was also lower in this group of patients.

Artrite reumatoide juvenil. 1a. parte Analise clinica de 111 casos. / Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Part I - Clinical analysis of III cases

Cento e onze pacientes de artrite reumatoide juvenil (ARJ) foram classificados, segundo o acometimento articular inicial, nos 3 tipos principais: oligoarticular, poliarticular e sistemico. O sexo feminino teve predominancia de 59% em ARJ. O grupo etario com maior incidencia de casos foi de 6 a 10 anos. A quase totalidade dos pacientes do tipo SI se iniciou antes dos 10. As articulacoes mais frequentemente acometidas foram o joelho e o tornozelo. Treze casos com diagnostico inicial de AJR, na grande maioria do tipo oligoarticular, evoluiram para espondilite anquilosante. A iridociclite cronica foi observada em tres casos do tipo aligoarticular. Manifestacoes hepaticas foram as alteracoes iniciais em dois pacientes do tipo sitemico. A biopsia de um nodulo ao nivel de coluna dorsal baixa definiu o diagnostico, em um tipo sistemico, apos 4 anos de febre intermitente

Artrite reumatoide juvenil: 2§ parte; achados laboratoriais e radiologicos em 111 casos / Juvenil rheumatoid arthritis: part 2; laboratorial and radiological findings in 111 cases

Os achados laboratoriais e radiologicos foram descritos em 111 pacientes de ARJ. A positividade da pesquisa do FAN foi de 15% e a do latex de 13%. O HLA B27 foi positivo em 63% dos pacientes de espondilite anquilosante. A menor incidencia de alteracao dos exames de plaquetas, de hemossedimentacao, de leucocitos e de hemoglobina na espondilite anquilosante constitui um fato importante para o diagnostico diferencial dessa patologia. O aumento de partes moles foi o achado radiologico mais precoce e frequente, enquanto a osteoporose e periostite nao foram tao iniciais. Dois casos de subluxacao atlas-axis no tipo poliarticular foram observados